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Extra-Study/pages/E3C.md
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2025-05-01 15:49:18 -05:00

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E3C Propagation prediction and reporting: radio horizon; effects of space-weather phenomena

  • E3C01 (D) What is the cause of short-term radio blackouts? #card
    • A. Coronal mass ejections
    • B. Sunspots on the solar equator
    • C. North-oriented interplanetary magnetic field
    • D. Solar flares
  • E3C02 (A) What is indicated by a rising A-index or K-index? #card
    • A. Increasing disturbance of the geomagnetic field
    • B. Decreasing disturbance of the geomagnetic field
    • C. Higher levels of solar UV radiation
    • D. An increase in the critical frequency
  • E3C03 (B) Which of the following signal paths is most likely to experience high levels of absorption when the A-index or K-index is elevated? #card
    • A. Transequatorial
    • B. Through the auroral oval
    • C. Sporadic-E
    • D. NVIS
  • E3C04 (C) What does the value of Bz (B sub z) represent? #card
    • A. Geomagnetic field stability
    • B. Critical frequency for vertical transmissions
    • C. North-south strength of the interplanetary magnetic field
    • D. Duration of long-delayed echoes
  • E3C05 (A) What orientation of Bz (B sub z) increases the likelihood that charged particles from the Sun will cause disturbed conditions? #card
    • A. Southward
    • B. Northward
    • C. Eastward
    • D. Westward
  • E3C06 (A) How does the VHF/UHF radio horizon compare to the geographic horizon? #card
    • A. It is approximately 15 percent farther
    • B. It is approximately 20 percent nearer
    • C. It is approximately 50 percent farther
    • D. They are approximately the same
  • E3C07 (D) Which of the following indicates the greatest solar flare intensity? #card
    • A. Class A
    • B. Class Z
    • C. Class M
    • D. Class X
  • E3C08 (D) Which of the following is the space-weather term for an extreme geomagnetic storm? #card
  • E3C09 (D) What type of data is reported by amateur radio propagation reporting networks? #card
    • A. Solar flux
    • B. Electric field intensity
    • C. Magnetic declination
    • D. Digital-mode and CW signals
  • E3C10 (B) What does the 304A solar parameter measure? #card
    • A. The ratio of X-ray flux to radio flux, correlated to sunspot number
    • B. UV emissions at 304 angstroms, correlated to the solar flux index
    • C. The solar wind velocity at an angle of 304 degrees from the solar equator, correlated to geomagnetic storms
    • D. The solar emission at 304 GHz, correlated to X-ray flare levels
  • E3C11 (C) What does VOACAP software model? #card
    • A. AC voltage and impedance
    • B. VHF radio propagation
    • C. HF propagation
    • D. AC current and impedance
  • E3C12 (B) Which of the following is indicated by a sudden rise in radio background noise across a large portion of the HF spectrum? #card
    • A. A temperature inversion has occurred
    • B. A coronal mass ejection impact or a solar flare has occurred
    • C. Transequatorial propagation on 6 meters is likely
    • D. Long-path propagation on the higher HF bands is likely